Other Sites of Interest

1995 Poland/Israel Study Trip: Students, Teachers, and Parents
Before the Janusz Korczak Memorial in Warsaw's Jewish Cemetery

Holocaust/Shoah

Organizations and Memorials

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is America's national institution for the documentation, study, and interpretation of Holocaust history.



• Yad Vashem: Located in Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority, is the Holocaust memorial of the Jewish people.



• Simon Wiesenthal Center: Headquartered in Los Angeles, the Simon Wiesenthal Center is an international center for Holocaust remembrance, and the defense of human rights and the Jewish people.



• Ghetto Fighters' House -- Holocaust and Jewish Resistance Heritage Museum (Beit Lohamei Haghetaot): The Ghetto Fighters' House was "founded in 1949 by Holocaust survivors, ghetto fighters and partisans, who settled in the Western Galilee and set up Kibbutz Lochme Hagetaot on the main road from Acre to Naharia." At first, the Ghetto Fighters' House was primarily a documentation center; now, it is a museum, research institute, and education center.


Individuals in the United States may be interested in visiting the Web site of The American Friends of The Ghetto Fighters' House, which is the American office of The Ghetto Fighters' House.


• Holocaust Memorial Day (UK) -- Remembering Genocides (Lessons for the Future): Created and maintained by The Home Office Race Equality Unit and Beth Shalom Holocaust Education Center in the United Kingdom, in commemoration of Britain's Holocaust Memorial Day on 27 January 2001, this Web site offers a wealth of information -- including the aims of the site, details on the national Holocaust memorial ceremony, community events, Holocaust education, and facts about the Holocaust.



• Holocaust Teacher Resource Center: Educators, (kindergarten through college) will find at this site materials which can be brought into the classroom and studied. Whenever possible entire documents are included and may be downloaded for direct use in the classroom.



• Learning about the Holocaust through Art Project: This site provides high-quality reproductions of art works produced during the Holocaust. It also includes biographies of the artists and histories of the ghettos and camps in which they were interned. Study resources and lesson plans support its use in the classroom and an interactive section enables users to choose and annotate works for their own online collection.



• Gedenkstätten für NS-Opfer in Deutschland (Memorial Museums for Victims of National Socialism in Germay): Provided in German and English, this Web site is an overview published by the Typography of Terror Foundation in Germany; it provides a guide to the memorial museums for the victims of the Nazi regime in Germany. Visitors to the Web site can search for memorials or, if they have a graphical Web browser, they can click on individual states in Germany to search for museums. The site provides the addresses of the museums, plus "a brief description of each institution, travel directions, related literature as well as illustrations. This should convey a better understanding of the nature of the National Socialist sites of persecution. The memorial museums are organized by postal code. A helpful alphabetical index is included at the end."



• AMCHA Home Page: Located in Jerusalem, AMCHA <amcha@amcha.org> is the "National Israeli Center for Psychosocial Support of Survivors of the Holocaust and the Second Generation." AMCHA's Web site includes electronic versions of the Center's annual reports, as well as selected issues of the Center's AMCHA Link newsletter. "AMCHA is there to help, to understand, to listen." AMCHA provides the "opportunity for survivors and their families to unburden their hearts and know that they are not alone."



• Anne Frank House: This Web site is for the Anne Frank House, a museum and memorial, at Prinsengracht 263 in Amsterdam. While hiding here, Anne Frank, a Jewish victim of the Nazis, wrote her famous diary.



• Anne Frank Center USA: The "Anne Frank Center USA was founded in 1977 to educate people about the causes, instruments and dangers of discrimination and violence through the poignant and telling story of Anne Frank."



• Anne Frank Educational Trust UK: The Anne Frank Educational Trust UK is "a non-profit registered charity whose aims are to educate against all forms of racism and discrimination by explaining the history of Anne Frank and the Holocaust."



• Mechelen Museum of Deportation and the Resistance: Founded by the Belgian Association of Jewish Deportees -- Sons and Daughters of the Deportation. (U.D.J.B.) and the Jewish Central Consistory of Belgium (C.I.C.B.), this Holocaust museum near Brussels helps visitors "understand how in Belgium nearly one out of two Jews perished during the Second World War. Furthermore, it is not only a museum about the deportation of Belgian Jews, but also about their resistance."



• El Paso Holocaust Museum and Study Center: The El Paso (Texas) Holocaust Museum and Study Center was "established in memory of those killed by the Nazis, in honor of the survivors who endured the terrors and with respect for those who lost family and friends. The museum was founded on the hope and belief that by remembering and documenting the events, civilized people will prevent another Holocaust. The museum goals are to combat prejudice and bigotry through education and to remind the world of the value and dignity of human life."



• Holocaust Memorial Center: The Holocaust Memorial Center in West Bloomfield, Michigan, is the fulfillment of a dream by founder Rabbi Charles H. Rosenzveig and his fellow members of Shaarit Haplaytah (Survivors of the Holocaust). The HMC "not only documents the horror of that period of modern history [known as the Holocaust] and the events leading up to it, but also highlights the rich culture and history of a people, developed over 2,000 years, that was lost. It is our hope that from this experience, and from the ongoing study of the period of the Holocaust available at the HMC, we create a legacy for present and future generations to use as a guide for human behavior in maintaining an open, free society."



• Dr. Janusz Korczak: This play by Alina Kentof is based on A Field of Buttercups by Joseph Hyams; it tells the story of Janusz Korczak (1878-1942), a Polish pediatrician, author, and teacher who ran an orphanage in Warsaw. In the last days of the Warsaw Ghetto, Korczak -- refusing all chances to save his own life -- went to die with the orphans under his care in the gas chambers at Treblinka. (This play is part of A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust, presented by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology.)



• King of Children -- The Life of Dr. Janusz Korczak: Presented by the Korczak Communication Center, this Web site presents the complete text of Betty Jean Lifton's biography of Janusz Korczak (New York: St. Martin's).



• Korczak: Arzt, Schriftsteller, Pädagoge (Korczak: Physician, Author, Schoolmaster): Individuals who know German (there is also information in English) will be interested in visiting this Web site. Maintained by Stefan Mannes, it provides a wide variety of information about Janusz Korczak, as well as a discussion forum, links to related sites, and more.



• Hatikva Project -- Swedish/Jewish Information on the Internet: Created and maintained by the Hatikva Project in Stockholm, this site provides "links to help you to the Swedish/Jewish sites available today on the World Wide Web."



• Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation: This web site is a result of Steven Spielberg's initial work to video and gather oral testimonies of the eyewitnesses to the Holocaust of World War II. In this effort, over 50,000 testimonies have been collected and are now being catalogued. The Shoah Foundation's main goal is to make its archive of testimonies available for education and research.

• Auschwitz Jewish Center: The Auschwitz Jewish Center in Oswiecim/Auschwitz was opened in September 2000 and includes the town’s only surviving synagogue – Chevra Lomdei Mishnayot – fully restored to its pre-war appearance, as well as a short film, an exhibition on pre-war Jewish life in the town, a genealogy center and a library. With its educational programs, youth dialogue meetings and cultural events, the Center is the only active reminder of the rich Jewish life that once existed in Oswiecim.
• Holocaust Memorial and Tolerance Center of Nassau County - The mission of the Holocaust Memorial and Tolerance Center of Nassau County is to teach the Holocaust, and to demonstrate the destructive nature of prejudice, hatred, apathy, and violence against all minorities. The Center seeks to promote an awareness and understanding of the tragic lessons of the Holocaust; to engender a commitment to actively resist discrimination and intolerance; and to nurture respect for the uniqueness of every human being in order to better enable people to live together in peace and harmony.

Education and Information

• CHE -- Council of Holocaust Educators: The Council of Holocaust Educators strives to provide its members with the opportunity to find mutual support from their colleagues in their educational efforts and to further the instructional program and goals of Holocaust education.



• Review of Binjamin Wilkomirski's Fragments: Written by Jonathan Kozol, this book review examines Fragments, Holocaust survivor Binjamin Wilkomirski's autobiography. "The book has been translated into nine languages and has been published in eleven countries. As a very young child, Wilkomirski was taken to a Nazi concentration camp. He lived in barracks with other children. The language that he learned was a combination of the many languages to which he was exposed. He had no native tongue. He has no recollection of his mother . . . only of a woman he was brought to one day at the camp and was told was his mother."



• An Auschwitz Alphabet: This site is a personal reaction to the Holocaust by Jonathan Blumen and is dedicated to the late Primo Levi, an Italian chemist who survived Auschwitz and whose memoirs about the Holocaust are internationally recognized: "Levi . . . emerged from Auschwitz still a gentle man, with a sense of humor and with strong compassion. He is your best guide to these horrors."



• Brest Ghetto Passport Archive: Created by Phillip Hammnonds and hosted by JewishGen, Inc., the Brest Ghetto Passport Archive "represents the first phase of The Phoenix Project, a multi-year effort, directed by John and Carol Garrard, to computerize data on the Holocaust drawn primarily from newly opened archives in the former Soviet Union. Many of these archives have been microfilmed and may be studied at the The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC and at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem. However, many important Soviet and captured German documents remain unexamined in the newly independent states that have emerged from the former Soviet Union.
  
  The Brest Ghetto Passport Archive reflects the purpose of the Phoenix Project as a whole, which is to recover as many names as possible of those Holocaust victims who perished in Nazi-occupied Soviet territory. The names will be contextualized with the addition of explanatory notes, background materials, eyewitness and survivor accounts, still photos, and video film. Every effort will be made to determine when and where the victims died."



• Court TV Casefiles -- A Look Back at Nuremberg: The Court TV Web presentation, A Look Back at Nuremberg, provides a wide range of information about the Nuremberg Tribunal, including information about the indictments and the defendants; an index of the major participants in the trial; the creation of the tribunal and the law behind it; an interview with former American Nuremberg prosecutor Drexel Sprecher; transcripts of the trials; and, the legacy of the Nuremberg Tribunal. (Visitors can download the transcripts, which must be decompressed with a utility that can process .ZIP archives, such as PkZIP for PCs and ZipIt for the Macintosh.)

  . . . The privilege of opening the first trial in history for crimes against the peace of the world imposes a grave responsibility. The wrongs which we seek to condemn and punish have been so calculated, so malignant, and so devastating, that civilization cannot tolerate their being ignored, because it cannot survive their being repeated. That four great nations, flushed with victory and stung with injury stay the hand of vengeance and voluntarily submit their captive enemies to the judgment of the law is one of the most significant tributes that Power has ever paid to Reason. . . .

  Chief Justice Robert Jackson
  (Excerpt from Opening Statement)

• "Cybrary" of the Holocaust: The Cybrary of the Holocaust is part of an extensive and impressive project to create educational materials about the Holocaust.



• Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin (German Historical Museum, Berlin): The German Historical Museum strives to help the citizens of Germany "gain a clear idea of who they are as Germans and Europeans, as inhabitants of a region and members of a worldwide civilization." The Museum's permanent collection includes material on the Third Reich.



• Facing History and Ourselves: The Facing History and Ourselves National Foundation is "a national educational and professional development organization whose mission is to engage students of diverse backgrounds in an examination of racism, prejudice, and antisemitism in order to promote the development of a more humane and informed citizenry."



• Five Million Forgotten: Sponsored by the nonprofit Holocaust Forgotten Memorial, the goal of this Web site (and the organization) is "to acknowledge and memorialize the millions of non-Jewish victims of the Holocaust."



• The Forgotten Camps: Created and maintained by by Vincent Châtel and Chuck Ferree, this Web site is a history of several small Nazi concentration camps, work camps, police camps, and transit camps: "Great or small camps, all these places were designed to systematically destroy any opponent to the Nazi regime. If mass extermination happened only in the great camps, like Auschwitz or Treblinka, the atrocities were the same everywhere."



• Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies: Part of the Manuscripts and Archives of the Sterling Memorial Library of Yale University, the Fortunoff archive is a "collection of over 3,500 videotaped interviews with witnesses and survivors of the Holocaust." The Web site includes excerpts from testimonies; information for visitors to the archive; a history of the archive; and, information on affiliated projects.



• François Schmitz's Holocaust Pictures Exhibition: This Web site contains thirty-seven (37) scanned images from the Holocaust.



• H-German (German History): The Web site for the H-German e-mail discussion list contains several items of interest, including information about the list and instructions for subscribing; book and article reviews; primary source archives in German, including documents from the National Socialist era; access to the H-German Gopher; archived discussions from the list; and links to other Web sites of interest.



• H-Holocaust (History of the Holocaust and Antisemitism): The Web site for the H-Holocaust e-mail discussion list holds many items of interest, including information about the list and instructions for subscribing; the list's discussion archives; the H-Holocaust Review Project; academic announcements; links to related Web sites; and, other resources.



• The History Place -- Holocaust Timeline: Created and maintained by The History Place, this timeline summarizes the major events of the Holocaust and is an effort to be "a complete chronicle of Nazi persecution of the Jews with over 150 photos and text."
  
  A related presentation at the The History Place Web site is The Rise of Adolf Hitler: From Unknown to Dictator of Germany, an attempt to create a "Complete History in 24 Chapters."
  
  Also of interest are biographies of the Nazi leaders, Adolf Eichmann, Rudolf Hess, and Reinhard Heydrich.
  
  Visitors to The History Place's Web site may also wish to view its World War II timeline, which includes Holocaust-related information, such as the Nuremburg Race Laws, Kristallnacht, Hitler's infamous 1939 (30 January) Reichstag speech, in which he threatens the Jews of Europe, and the Nazi "euthanasia" program (T-4).



• Holocaust and Judaica Resources: Maintained by David Dickerson, who volunteers for I*EARN's Holocaust/Genocide Project, this presentation contains information on the Holocaust and Jewish culture and history. (These sites are featured in the UniGuide Academic Guide to the Internet.)



• Holocaust and Jewish Studies Sites: Created and maintained by Professor Dan Graf of Virginia Wesleyan College, this Web page contains an unannotated set of links to Web sites relating to the Holocaust and the field of Jewish Studies.



• Holocaust Assets Page and Preliminary Report: Presented by the United States Department of State, this site offers two reports in Adobe Acrobat format (.PDF files): Preliminary Study on U.S. and Allied Efforts To Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen or Hidden by Germany During World War II (1.6 MB) and an appendix to the study, Finding Aid to Records at the National Archives at College Park (1.4 MB). There is also other material at the site, including corrections to the preliminary study, and the Foreword and Executive Summary to State Department Report.
  
  The preliminary report "documents one of the greatest thefts by a government in history: the confiscation by Nazi Germany of an estimated $580 million of central bank gold -- around $5.6 billion in today's values -- along with indeterminate amounts in other assets during World War II. These goods were stolen from governments and civilians in the countries Germany overran and from Jewish and non-Jewish victims of the Nazis alike, including Jews murdered in extermination camps, from whom everything was taken down to the gold fillings of their teeth."

  Please note that these documents are available in Adobe Acrobat format (.PDF) only. Adobe's free crossplatform Acrobat Reader is available from Adobe Software's World Wide Web site.




• PBS's Frontline -- Nazi Gold: This Web site is a companion to the PBS Frontline special "report on Switzerland's wartime actions as a neutral nation and its role as banker and financial broker for Nazi Germany." Sections of the site include:
  
  
  • Reactions and Discussion: What are your views of Switzerland's actions during the war?
  • The Train: Were Nazi death trains allowed through Zurich -- a look at what is known -- and not known.
  • Switzerland and the War: Neutral or Cowardly?
  • Further Readings (including the Eizenstat Report and the Swiss Federal Coucil's response).
  • How to Seek World War II Swiss Bank Acccounts.
  • Map: What were the actions of other neutral nations?
  
  
• The Holocaust Album: Maintained by Ron Greene, this site is a "rotating collection of contemporary and historical photographs associated with the Holocaust."



• Holocaust Curriculum Guides -- Southern Institute for Education and Research: The Southern Institute for Education and Research at Tulane University has made samples from its guides -- Teaching Schindler and Deathly Silence: Everyday People in the Holocaust -- available via the Internet.



• The Holocaust -- A Tragic Legacy: Created and maintained by three students participating in ThinkQuest, this site "attempts to provide a unique set of resources to complement those already available on-line. There is a strong interactive element, asking visitors to consider the moral dilemmas of Nuremberg, consider the culpability of the Swiss, or examine the future implications of the Holocaust. An interactive timeline and a brief summary go over the events themselves, linking to a multimedia glossary with pronunciations and other related audio, images, and link to sites that expand on the basic definitions. Specific aspects of the Holocaust, such as why it happened and what came in its aftermath are also covered. To bring the Holocaust to life, there are accounts of survivors and a virtual reality camp. A guide to books and other resources allow visitors to learn more and a quiz allow users to spot-check their knowledge of the Holocaust. Users can also share thoughts and scanned artwork/photos. The more that is known, the more that is understood, the better we can work to promote tolerance and learn the lessons of the past."



• The Holocaust Page: Maintained by Ben Austin <baustin@frank.mtsu.edu> of Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU), this Web site provides a wide variety of information about the Holocaust, including a glossary and chronology of the Holocaust -- as well as information on the Nuremberg Laws, Kristallnacht, the T-4 euthanasia program (murder of the handicapped), Jewish losses in the Holocaust, and homosexuals and the Holocaust. There are also links to other Holocaust-related Web sites.



• Holocaust Studies -- Social Studies School Service: Located in Culver City, California, the Social Studies School Service offers resources and materials for teaching students about the Holocaust. A printed catalogue, Teaching the Holocaust: Resources and Materials, is also available.



• Holocaust Survivor Oral History Project: Maintained by the University of Michigan at Dearborn, this site contains samples from transcripts and audio recordings of Holocaust survivor testimony. "Dr. Sid Bolkosky, Professor of History . . ., has interviewed over 150 survivors. His interviews with these survivors are recorded on about 330 hours of audio tapes and 60 hours of video tapes. These tapes are being transcribed and entered into the online catalog of the Mardigian Library and OCLC."



• International Baccalaureate Holocaust Project: Created and maintained by Daniel Blackmon's contemporary history class in the International Baccalaureate program at Coral Gables Senior High School in Dade County, Florida, this site provides student research on topics such as the "Aryan" myth, Hitler's world view, the Nuremburg Laws, the SS, the "Final Solution," the ghettos, resistance, and modern persecutions.



• An Interview with Primo Levi: Created and maintained by composer Ari Frankel, this Web site is an interview with Primo Levi: "Primo Levi, born in Turin, Italy, in 1919, and trained as a chemist, was arrested during the Second World War as a member of the anti-Fascist resistance and deported to Auschwitz in 1944. His experience in the death camp and his subsequent travels through Eastern Europe were the subject of powerful memoirs, fiction and poetry. Levi died in Turin in April 1987."



• Jewishnet: The Jewishnet Global Jewish Information Network offers a wide range of resources, including links to, and information about, Israeli and Jewish electronic mailing lists; WWW, Gopher, and FTP sites; libraries; and UseNet conferences. Holocaust researchers will find this site useful.



• KZ Mauthausen-Gusen Information Page: Sponsored by the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation and maintained by Rudolf A. Haunschmied, this site presents information about one of the lesser-know concentration camps (KZ), Gusen: "The KZ Gusen I, II and III concentration camp complex had been the biggest and most brutal within the Mauthausen system of camps." The presentation also presents links to other relevant sites, including ones pertaining specifically to KZ-Gusen.



• Levande historia - information kring förintelsen (Living History Project): The Web site of the Living History Project was created because, "there is no Swedish Web site . . . that offers comprehensive information about the Holocaust. The objective is . . . to create a powerful counterweight to those individuals and groups who deny that the Holocaust ever took place. Teachers will also be able to use the web site to exchange and spread ideas about pedagogical material and methods." In the future, the site will serve as a resource of "research findings, information about various authors, a place for debate and -- naturally -- facts." In addition, the Web site "serves as a constant warning of what can happen if the public debate about democracy and compassion is not kept alive." Please Note: Most of the content of this site is in Swedish.



• Louisiana Holocaust Survivors' Home Page: Louisiana Holocaust survivors share their stories in interviews conducted by the Southern Institute for Education and Research at Tulane University.



• Leni Riefenstahl -- Film Stills: This site is an archive of still images from Leni Riefenstahl's two most controversial films: Triumph des Willens (Triumph of the Will) and Olympiad (Olympia).

• Literature of the Holocaust: Created and maintained by Dr. Al Filreis of the English Department at the University of Pennsylvania, this page contains materials relating to "The Literature of the Holocaust" (English 293) course at the University of Pennsylvania, as well as materials about the texts read in English 293. It also contains annotated links to numerous relevant sites.



• March of the Living: The March of the Living is an annual journey in which "thousands of primarily Jewish teens from around the world gather in Poland and Israel to mark two of the most significant dates on the modern calendar: Holocaust Remembrance Day and Israel Independence Day." This Web site describes and introduces the March of the Living and offers access to the March of the Living Virtual Tour, a five-month project by three Montreal participants in the 1994 March of the Living.
  
  Individuals interested in the March of the Living may also wish to visit the World Wide Web presentation of the March of the Living -- Sweden, sponsored by the Hatikva Project: "Swedish/Jewish Information on the Internet." The Swedish March of the Living site includes information about the 1996 trip to Poland.
  
  
  
• Massuah -- The Institute for the Study of the Holocaust: Massuah, which means "beacon" emphasizes the main purpose of this organization: "to serve as a guide, to warn, to enlighten, to shed light in the darkness and ambivalence associated with the Holocaust." Massuah was established as a nonprofit organization in the 1960's at Kibbutz Tel-Itzhak. Its education credo is "dealing with the moral, political and cultural issues raised by the events of the Holocaust [because they] are still relevant to all human beings." Massuah has developed many educational programs for today's young people, students, and educators.



• Maven -- Holocaust and Antisemitism: Maven is an on-line Jewish resource with information in over 190 categories. Its page of links relating to the Holocaust and antisemitism is quite extensive.



• The Nizkor Project -- An Electronic Holocaust Resource: The Nizkor Project is a comprehensive collection of the following projects -- the Shofar FTP Archive; the HWEB Project; guides (FAQs) to Holocaust-denial issues; and, the RUE Project.



• Holocaust -- Understanding and Prevention: Created, maintained, and supervised by Holocaust survivor Alexander Kimel, this site has been recommended by the Jerusalem Post and The History Channel. The site offers many articles on a wide selection of topics; it opens with the evocation:
  

  Almighty God! Let the Ashes of the Children incinerated in Auschwitz, rivers of blood spilled in Babbi Yar or Majdanek, be a warning to mankind that violence is destructive, hatred is contagious, while man has an unlimited capacity for cruelty.

  The magazine includes editorials; feature articles; feedback and comments; previews of future topics; links to other sites; and, an extensive section of writings by Mr. Kimel, "Holocaust Understanding and Prevention."



• Oswego -- The Safe Haven: This Web site presents the story of Oswego, a safe haven for Holocaust victims and refugees from Hitler's regime: "August 5, 1944, was a day of joy and apprehension for 982 passengers on a train pulling into Oswego, a small city in upstate New York on the shores of Lake Ontario northwest of Syracuse. The refugees were fleeing from 18 countries Hitler had overrun. Many had escaped from camps like Dachau. . . ." The site describes Safe Haven; tells its story; offers a gallery of photographs; and, more.



• The Patrin Web Journal -- Gypsy Culture and History: Created and maintained by the Patrin, a learning resource and information center for Roma and others who want to learn more about Romani culture and social issues of today, this site contains sections on Romani history; culture; traditions; organizations; rights; the Holocaust and the Roma; and, a glossary. (The Patrin Web journal is not affiliated with the Patrin print periodical of Presov, Slovakia.)



• Per Anger -- A Swedish Hero: Per Johan Valentin Anger "was a young diplomat for the Swedish legation in Berlin and Budapest during World War 2. In the year 1944 he was the one who initiated Swedish provisional passports for threatened Jews in Budapest, and he also became Raoul Wallenberg's closest partner and friend."



• Pink Triangle Pages -- History of the Nazi Persecution of Gay Men and Lesbians: Maintained by Scott A. Safier, this Web page includes an overview of the types of badges worn by prisoners (including the pink triangle for homosexuals); Paragraph 175 of the Reich Penal Code; information on the number of victims; a section on lesbians in the Third Reich and "the exemption of female homosexuality from penal sanctions"; testimony by survivors; information on some of the concentration camps; history; and references.



• Raoul Wallenberg -- One Man Can Make a Difference: This Web site is dedicated to Raoul Wallenberg and his work during the Holocaust to rescue thousands of Hungarian Jews.



• Remembering the Holocaust: Based in Australia, and created and maintained by Axiom Consulting, this Web page is an annotated set of links to sites about the Holocaust: "The Web is an invaluable way of keeping alive the memories of the Holocaust. On this page are but some of the many resources available on the Internet. (If you know of others please tell me.) I created this page as my simple way of remembering those who perished and of honouring those who survived."

• Romani.Org Home Page: Dedicated to "the Roma for their recognition as a people and as a nation, and to their struggle for freedom and against persecution and oppression worldwide," this Web site has the purpose of contributing "to the increased awareness of the facts about this truly remarkable people [the Roma]."



• A Journey to Linkuva, Lithuania: Created and maintained by Aubrey and Gary Blumsohn, this Web site is "dedicated to the 200,000 Jewish men, women and children of Lithuania murdered by the Nazis and their Lithuanian collaborators. Amongst them were about 250 Jews from the village of Linkuva."



• Zabludow Memorial Web Page: Created and maintained by Tilford Bartman, this Web site is a memorial to the Jews of Zabludow, Poland (which is approximately fifteen kilometers from Bialystok). Mr. Bartman's father was born in Zabludow, as were his father's parents. Many of Mr. Bartman's relatives who remained in Zabludow were murdered during in the Holocaust.
  
  The Web site contains many images of Zabludow and Bialystok, maps, rare images of the famous Zabludow wooden synagogue, and a history of the events which occurred in Zabludow during the Holocaust. The site also features some Holocaust-related documents from Zabludow.



• Shamash -- The Jewish Internet Consortium: Shamash is a site presenting a wide range of Jewish resources on the Internet, including the topic of the Holocaust.



• Three Documents from the National Socialist Era, 1941-1945: Maintained by the H-GERMAN electronic discussion list, this Web site contains English-language versions of the following Nazi documents:



• Field Marshal Walter von Reichenau on the Ideological Mission of the German Army in the Soviet Union, October 1941.


• Hitler Signs an Order Authorizing Involuntary Euthanasia in Germany, October 1939.


• The Wannsee Conference Protocol, January 1942.


• To Save a Life -- Stories of Jewish Rescue: Written and maintained by Ellen Land-Weber, this site is an unpublished book featuring personal narratives and photographs of people who saved Jews during the Holocaust. (Ellen Land-Weber teaches photography and digital imaging at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California.)



• Vinnitsa Region Jewish Community: This presentation provides basic information about the Vinnitsa Region Jewish Community (VRJC) in the Podolia region of Ukraine. The VRJC has several functions, including supporting the elderly and sick Jews of the region; creating and implementing educational programs; revitalizing Yiddish language and culture; and, preserving the region's Jewish historical artifacts, sites, and monuments. The Web page also provides information about the VRJC's ongoing needs, and how interested individuals may help. (The Jewish community of the Vinnitsa region is an excellent example of a Jewish community rebuilding itself -- and with very few resources -- in the aftermath of the Holocaust and the Soviet regime.)



• Virtual Auschwitz -- An Exploration of a Death Camp: Created and maintained by Robert S. Leventhal, a networked fellow at the Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities at the University of Virginia, this Web site offers the visitor the opportunity to "study each of [Auschwitz's] many 'installations,'" so that the visitor may get "closer to the concrete, material reality of Auschwitz and the Nazi Genocide."



• Virtual Shtetl -- Yiddish Language and Culture: Created and maintained by Iosif Vaisman, this Web site is "organized as locations in a shtetl, a small Eastern European Jewish town" (shtetls were a casualty of the Holocaust) and provides "links to information about Yiddish language and culture."



• When Heaven's Vault Cracked -- Zagreb Memories: Created and maintained by Dani Novak, this Web site contains the memoirs of Holocaust survivor Zdenka Novak (Dani's mother), who now lives in Israel.



• The Wolf Lewkowicz Collection: This collection of letters was written in Yiddish between 1922 and 1939 by Polish Jew Wolf Lewkowicz (of Konskie, Lodz and Opoczno, Poland) to Sol J. Zissman, his deceased sister's son. Wolf Lewkowicz died in Treblinka in 1943 at the age of 56. The on-line version of the collection contains only the English translations of the Yiddish letters. The complete set of The Wolf Lewkowicz Collection can be found at the Harvard University Library and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.



• Women and the Holocaust -- A Cyberspace of Their Own: Examining the important topic of women and the Holocaust, this site is "dedicated to all those women who were murdered while pregnant. Holding little hands of children or carrying infants in their arms on the way to be gassed. In hiding. To the mothers who gave their children to be hidden, many never to find them again. Or as fighters in the resistance: in ghettos, forests, partisan units. And to the lives of those few who survived and bravely carried on." The preface for this Web presentation was written by Dr. Joan Ringelheim of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.



• The Gerda and Kurt Klein FoundationThe Gerda and Kurt Klein Foundation creates the opportunity for young people to understand the world and translate that understanding into positive action. This public non-profit foundation promotes education which teaches tolerance and respect for others, and encourages community service focusing on ending hunger.

[ Return to the selection buttons at the top of the page. ]

Antisemitism and Racism

• Anti-Defamation League: Founded in 1913, the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) is "the world's leading organization fighting anti-Semitism through programs and services that counteract hatred, prejudice and bigotry." The ADL's mission is "to stop the defamation of the Jewish people, to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens alike."



• Anti-Racist Action: With chapters in the United States and Canada, Anti-Racist Action (ARA) is a network of people whose goal is "to decrease racism, sexism, anti-gay bigotry, anti-Semitism, and the unfairness which is often suffered by the disabled, the youngest, the oldest and the poorest of our people."



• Antisemitism -- "Link Launcher": This WWW page covers the topic of antisemitism; there are four main categories containing multiple links to various sites.



• Antisemitism Research Page: Created and maintained by HGP volunteer David Dickerson, this Web site contains information about antisemitism and links to Internet sites useful for researching antisemitism, including bibliographies, reading lists, and databases -- as well as information about the notorious antisemitic forgery, The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, and a link to an on-line version of this infamous document. (This site is featured in the UniGuide Academic Guide to the Internet.)



• Crosspoint Anti-Racism Site: The Crosspoint is a "collection of links in the field[s] of human rights, anti-racism, refugees, women's rights, antifascism, and the Shoah." The site also lists links to "Jewish organizations, migrant organizations, and others."



• H-Antisemitism -- A List for Scholars of Antisemitism: Antisemitism is a Humanities OnLine (H-Net) discussion list for the serious study of antisemitism; its purpose is: "to facilitate the exchange of scholarly information on the subject of antisemitism, conceived as broadly as possible. Without chronological or disciplinary limitations, H-Antisemitism seeks to enable scholars to communicate research and teaching interests, discuss methodology, comment upon current historiography, and share information about new data, sources of funding, and publishing." The H-Antisemitism Web site offers several resources.



• HateWatch: HateWatch is WWW-based organization which "monitiors the growing and evolving threat of activity of hate group activity on the Internet. Started in 1996, HateWatch provides an online resource for concerned individuals, academics, activists, and the media to keep abreast of, and to combat, online bigotry." The site offers many resources including multimedia ones which require RealNetworks' free RealPlayer software).



• Magenta Home Page: This site was created and is maintained by the Magenta Foundation, "a foundation that combats racism, fascism and other forms of discrimination. Magenta does this through organizing (cultural) activities, educational campaigns and debates."



• Manifestations of Antisemitism Around the World: The web-site of The Coordination Forum for Countering Antisemitism examines the manifestations of anti-Semitism worldwide. The report includes a detailed section on topical issues, as well as sections on anti-Semitism in different regions (including Europe, CIS and Baltic Countries, and the United States).



• Anti-Racism.Net: A collaboration of Project Change and the nonprofit Institute for Global Communications (IGC), this Web presentation serves as "an Internet portal on race and diversity-related issues for antiracism advocates."




• Union of Councils for Soviet Jews (UCSJ) Home Page: The Union of Councils "is the largest independent grassroots organization advocating for Jews and human rights in the former Soviet Union (FSU)." Founded in 1970, "with a strict commitment to a non-paternalistic approach, UCSJ works in partnership with indigenous Jewish activists to provide the security, freedom, dignity, and welfare of Jews in the former Soviet Union."



• Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism: Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism (SICSA) was established in 1982 as an interdisciplinary research center dedicated to the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge necessary for understanding the phenomenon of antisemitism.
• Business and the Holocaust: This site contains information on how big business in the United States offered support to Adolf Hitler that helped to expand the Holocaust. It would be helpful to anyone interested in learning about these big buisness connections.

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Genocide

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"Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in Article III shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals." -- United Nations Genocide Convention

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Bosnia

• Bosnia -- Uncertain Paths to Peace: A project of The New York Times, Bosnia: Uncertain Paths to Peace"is both a photographic chronicle and a worldwide discussion of this crucial passage in Bosnia's struggle."

  For four years, Bosnia and Herzegovina was torn by the bloodiest and most ruthless European conflict since World War II. Its capital, Sarajevo, was the focus of an epic siege. Its territory was riven into ethnic enclaves, and accounts of mass killing and rape shook the world's conscience. With the signing of the Dayton accords. . ., Bosnia is emerging from that torment. Now it faces the challenge of reconstruction and reconciliation, of carrying out free elections and of bringing accused war criminals to justice.

• ABCNEWS.Com"--"A Beginner's Guide to the Balkans: "There are countless explanations for the volatility of the 'Balkan Powderkeg.' Historians variously blame disputes over resources, ancient hatreds or meddling by Great Powers intent on keeping the region unstable. But geography is also a powerful clue: Lying south of the Danube river, the Balkans region, like Afghanistan, is composed of scarce fertile valleys, separated by high mountains that fragment the area's ethnic groups, even though many have similar languages and origins."



• Zlata Filipovic -- On-line Chat: This site offers the transcript of the 2 June 1995 Writers' Corner on-line chat between Zlata Filipovic -- the author of Zlata's Diary -- and young people from all over the world.



• BosniaLINK: BosniaLINK is "the official Department of Defense information system about U.S. military activities in Operation JOINT ENDEAVOR, the NATO peacekeeping mission in Bosnia." The site contains maps; fact sheets; news releases; biographies; transcripts; and, speeches and testimony. In addition, visitors can send "greetings and encouragement to the troops in Bosnia" from this site.



• War Crimes in the Former Yugoslavia: This site provides information about suspected war criminals, as well as links to other relevant sites. The sources for the information and documents include Helsinki Human Rights Watch; the International War Crimes Tribunal in The Hague; the United Nations Special Committees for War Crimes in Former Yugoslavia; and other international organizations and sources, including referenced articles from newspapers.



• Balkan Media and Policy Monitor: Edited by Ruzica Zivkovic, this publication and its supplements are bimonthly publications supported and sponsored by IKV (The Hague), Pax Christi, Press Now, and hCa (Western Liaison Office).



• Voices from the War Zone: Written by Fred Pelka, this article appeared in the March/April 1995 issue of The Humanist, a "Magazine of Critical Inquiry and Social Concern." The narrative, based upon interviews with survivors, is shocking and distressing.



• PeaceNet's Balkans Pages: A service of the PeaceNet network of the nonprofit Institute for Global Communications (IGC), these Web pages "deal with the part of the Balkans formerly known as the Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia. Why did the country collapse? Why was that collapse followed by the bloodiest conflict in Europe since World War II? Why [did] the world [tolerate the] mass murder of civilian population[s] and [the] systematic rape of women?"



• Balkan Book List: A service of Bosnia Briefings, this Web page is an annotated list of books about the Balkans, particularly the Balkan War.

Rwanda

• Genocide in Rwanda: Presented by Hanne Mollan, this speech provides historical background; asks many difficult questions; and offers an overview of the genocide in Rwanda.



• "We Let Rwanda Happen": Based upon an October 1994 presentation at the University of Buffalo by internationally recognized expert Alison Des Forges, this article by Christine Vidal explores why the patterns of genocide in Rwanda are likely to continue: "Things are a long way from returning to normal and what I find particularly disturbing is the patterns of genocide that continue."

Cambodia

• Cambodian Auto-Genocide Page: "In the loving memories of the Cambodian people who died under the Khmer Rouge Regime from 1975 to 1979, we, Khmers and concerned friends of Cambodia, have formed an ad hoc group to establish the Digital Archive of Cambodian Holocaust Survivors." The primary maintainers of this site -- Thla Suon and Houn-Nam Ing -- hope ultimately to produce a CD-ROM version of the archive.

Armenian Genocide

• Armenian Diaspora: This website tells of all aspects of Armenian history and present day life.



• Armenian National Institute: Created and maintained by the Armenian National Institute, this Web site is dedicated to the "affirmation of the 1915 Armenian Genocide committed by Ottoman Turkey -- featuring photos, documents, maps, a chronology, resolutions, bibliographies, and educational resources."



• Armenian Genocide: This site provides information about the Turkish extermination of over 1.5 million Armenians in 1915-1916 (with subsidiaries to 1923). Before the genocide, the total number of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire was 2 million.



• Armenian Genocide: This Web site provides a brief overview of the Armenian Genocide and asks that the United Nations recognize the validity of the Treaty of Sevrea. The site also contains several images.



• Armenian Research Center: Maintained by the Armenian Research Center at the University of Michigan at Dearborn, this WWW home page provides much information about Armenia, including a fact sheet on the Armenian Genocide.



• Armenia -- Information Servers and Subject Directory: Maintained by the University of Texas at Austin's Center for Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies, this Web site provides a vast range of information about Armenia, including Armenia's history.



• Recognizing the Armenian Genocide: Created and maintained by Reynold Khachatourian, this Web site "is dedicated to doing a small part in informing people of the atrocities suffered by the Armenian nation at the hands of the Ottoman Turkish government." It contains four sections: Information; Statistics; Reflection; and, Recognition.



• Genocide Education: The Genocide Education Project is a nonprofit organization that assists educators in teaching about human rights and genocide, particularly the Armenian Genocide, by developing and distributing instructional materials, providing access to teaching resources and organizing educational workshops.

Nanjing Massacre

• Nanjing Massacre Archive: This Web site is an archive for historical documents and still photography related to the Nanjing Massacre; it includes several links to related sites.



• Museum of the Nanjing Massacre: Artist and museum founder Guo Peiyu created this small museum on the Nanjing Massacre in Tokyo: "I produced works on this theme because I wanted people to recognize this historical fact so that it would not ever be repeated. . . . There are 3000 'faces' (clay works) exhibited in the museum. They express the souls of the 300-thousand victims who still do not rest peacefully. For the remaining 277-thousand 'faces,' I would like to make them agents to cooperate in reforming the Japanese conscience."

Ukrainian Famine

• Ukrainian Famine (1932-1933): A result of Stalin's policy of forced collectivization, this 1932-1933 famine killed six to seven million people in the Ukraine, the northern Caucasus, and the lower Volga River area. The highest losses, however, were in the Ukraine.

Uganda

• Invisible Children: Invisible Children, Inc. is dedicated to providing financial resources to invisible children by documenting their true, untold stories in a creative and relevant way, resulting in positive change.

Sudan/Darfur

• Sudan/Darfur: The Save Darfur Coalition is an alliance of over 140 diverse faith-based, humanitarian, and human rights organizations, assembled to raise public awareness and to mobilize efforts to help end the atrocities and reduce the suffering in Darfur and nearby refugee camps.



• Committee on Conscience: The Committee on Conscience regularly hosts presentations related to the prevention and punishment of genocide. This site is part of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum."The Committee seeks to amplify the voice of conscience."



• The Genocide Intervention Fund: The Genocide Intervention Network envisions a world in which the global community is willing and able to protect civilians from genocide and mass atrocities. Our current mission is to empower individuals and communities with the tools

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Human Rights

• Human Rights and Amnesty International Sites: Created and maintained by Margarita Lacabe and Mike Katz-Lacabe, this Web site provides links to many Web sites covering the topic of human rights. Categories include Amnesty International pages; human rights organizations; regional and subject-specific information; human rights news and information; campaigns for victims of human rights violations; and, human rights documents and law.



• Amnesty International On-line: Founded in 1961, Amnesty International is "dedicated to freeing prisoners of conscience, to gaining fair trials for political prisoners, to ending torture and 'disappearances,' and to abolishing the death penalty throughout the world." Amnesty International has offices all over the world, with an administrative head office in London.



• Human Rights Watch: Human Rights Watch, which was founded in 1978, "conducts regular, systematic investigations of human rights abuses in some seventy countries around the world. It . . . defends freedom of thought and expression, due process and equal protection of the law; it documents and denounces murders, disappearances, torture, arbitrary imprisonment, exile, censorship and other abuses of internationally recognized human rights." The HRW Web site introduces, and provides a history of, the organization; lists staff members; and, includes the postal and e-mail addresses for the HRW's regional offices.

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Last Updated: 29 February 2008

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